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Coral Reefs

Global Warming Intensifies El Niño, Galápagos Coral Fossils Show

More damaging extremes are looming, as the Pacific Ocean’s climate cauldron sets off a chain reaction of heatwaves, floods and droughts across the globe.

By Bob Berwyn

Children play in the shrinking waters of the Ciliwung River in Bogor, Indonesia, on July 27 amid drought conditions intensified by this year’s El Niño. Credit: Agoes Rudianto/Anadolu via Getty Images
A bomb-fished coral reef in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Credit: The Ocean Agency

Bomb Fishing Is Reducing Coral Reefs to ‘Rubble’

By Johnny Sturgeon

A mixture of soft corals discovered more than 50 meters below the surface off West Africa’s Benin coast. Credit: Gérard Zinzindohoué/IRHOB

The Thriving Coral Reef That ‘Defeated Time’ in West Africa

By Johnny Sturgeon

In Kenya, 100 percent of coral reefs, mangroves and marine and coastal protected areas overlap with proposed oil and gas blocks. Credit: Muturi Kamau

Offshore Oil and Gas Rush Threatens Whale Corridors and Coral Reefs

By Teresa Tomassoni

A resilient coral reef in Siquijor, Philippines. New research shows more reefs may be able to survive climate change than previously thought. Credit: Steve De Neef

More Coral Reefs May Survive Climate Change Than Scientists Once Thought

By Teresa Tomassoni

Coral reef scientist, Anne Cohen, is searching for heat-resilient “super reefs” in the Central Pacific. Credit: Tim Briggs

As Global Warming Threatens Corals Worldwide, Woods Hole Scientists Search for ‘Super Reefs’ That Can Take the Heat

By Teresa Tomassoni

Dead trees burned by a wildfire span across the Manti-La Sal National Forest near Moab, Utah, in 2022. Credit: Jon G. Fuller/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

Across Ecosystems, Dead Organisms Help Shape the Living World

By Nicholas Kusnetz

A diver checks the coral reefs of Moorea in French Polynesia during a major bleaching event on May 9, 2019. Credit: Alexis Rosenfeld/Getty Images

Coral Reefs in French Polynesia Are Stuck Between Life and Death

By Ryan Green

Carly Dennison (left) and Jordan Holder from the University of Miami Rosenstiel School prepare to outplant “Flonduran” and Florida elkhorn corals in the Dry Tortugas. Credit: Bailey Marquardt/Coral Reef Futures Lab

Scientists Outplant Experimental ‘Flonduran’ Corals in Florida’s Dry Tortugas National Park

By Teresa Tomassoni

Researchers survey bleached corals around Koh Tao island in the southern Thai province of Surat Thani on June 14, 2024. Credit: Lillian Suwanrumpha/AFP via Getty Images

Sewage Is Threatening Coral Reefs Around the World, Even in Marine Protected Areas

By Teresa Tomassoni

Acropora corals stick out of the water during low tide on Nov. 27, 2021, in Tatakoto, French Polynesia. Credit: Alexis Rosenfeld/Getty Images

US Government Is Accelerating Coral Reef Collapse, Scientists Warn

By Johnny Sturgeon

Scientists Push for More Ambitious Climate Targets

By Bob Berwyn

Boaters in a kayak off the coast of La Jolla Shores, California, in December 2025. Credit: Kevin Carter/Getty Images

Ocean Warming Breaks Record for Ninth Straight Year

By Johnny Sturgeon

Arizona State University researchers use advanced mapping techniques to pinpoint locations where high levels of fecal bacteria are driving ocean contamination on West Hawaii’s coastline. Credit: Courtesy of ASU Global Airborne Observatory

Raw Sewage Sneaking Into West Hawaii’s Coastal Waters Threatens Coral Reefs and Public Health, Scientists Find

By Jaylan Sims

More than 500 reef building coral species are found around Panaon Island, recently designated by the Phillipine government as a protected seascape. Credit: Danny Ocampo/Oceana Philippines

In the Philippines, a New Protected Seascape Safeguards ‘Super Reefs’

By Teresa Tomassoni

Workers handle a fishing net next to a commercial trawler docked at the port of Nea Michaniona in northern Greece on May 22. Credit: Sakis Mitrolidis/AFP via Getty Images

UN Ocean Conference Opens With a Call to Defend the Deep Sea

By Teresa Tomassoni

WHOI marine biologist Amy Apprill conducts a visual survey of a degraded coral reef in St. John to count the number of young corals that have recently settled on the reef. Credit: Dan Mele/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

The Race to Engineer Coral Reef Solutions in the U.S. Virgin Islands

By Teresa Tomassoni

Fish swim over a reef affected by coral bleaching from extreme heat on May 8, 2024, in Trat, Thailand. Credit: Sirachai Arunrugstichai/Getty Images

Some Hopeful News About the Future of the World’s Corals

Interview by Aynsley O’Neill, “Living on Earth”

Every two weeks at the beach of Costa del Este, in Panama City, marine biology students descend about five meters in the sea to take care of a coral nursery of the staghorn species in Portobelo, Panama, with which they aim to restore reefs damaged by climate change and pollution. Credit: Luis Acosta/AFP via Getty Images

Global Scientific Community Urges World Leaders to Transform Research Into Policy Ahead of UN Ocean Conference

By Teresa Tomassoni

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